It was described mathematically by Euclid of Alexandria (325-265 BC), who divided a line into its extreme and mean ratio: A straight line is said to have been cut in extreme and mean ratio when, as the whole line is to the greater segments, so is the greater to the lesser.

What we perceived as beautiful, well-proportionate and balanced in nature, finds its way into fine art, following the same rules of divine proportions that universe has.

The relationship of balance, principles of harmony, and symmetry all present in the best works of fine art.

So, understanding and using the golden ratio is important for any artist.

The divine proportion can be implemented to divide a canvas according to overall design and content, draft a composition of the whole artwork or its parts, balance tonal values or colors.

Whether this is done according to some inner sense of harmony or it is calculated is something only the artist will know.

The Golden Ratio is based on a relationship that says the whole can be compared to a longer section in exactly the same way that the longer section can be compared to a shorter section.

The Golden Rectangle is a rectangle with dimensions that are of the Golden Ratio.

The Golden Spiral is a logarithmic spiral or equiangular spiral is a special kind of spiral curve that often appears in nature.

The Golden Ratio Calculator